Product Description: Clozapine N-oxide is a major metabolite of Clozapine and a human muscarinic designer receptors (DREADDs) agonist. Clozapine N-oxide activates the DREADD receptor hM3Dq and hM4Di. Clozapine N-oxide can cross the blood-brain barrier[1][2][3][4]. Clozapine is a potent dopamine antagonist and also a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor (EC50=11 nM) agonist[5][6].
Applications: Neuroscience-Neuromodulation
Formula: C18H19ClN4O
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References: [1]Wess J, et al. Novel designer receptors to probe GPCR signaling and physiology. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Jul;34(7):385-92./[2]Silva RR, et al. Evaluation of Functional Selectivity of NSC 170973, Clozapine, and LASSBio-579, an Experimental Compound With Antipsychotic-Like Actions in Rodents, at G Protein and Arrestin Signaling Downstream of the Dopamine D2 Receptor. Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jun 4;10:628./[3]Zorn SH, et al. Clozapine is a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov 15;269(3):R1-2./[4]Manvich DF, et al. The DREADD agonist clozapine N-oxide (CNO) is reverse-metabolized to clozapine and produces clozapine-like interoceptive stimulus effects in rats and mice. Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 1;8(1):3840./[5]van der Peet PL, et al. Gram scale preparation of clozapine N-oxide (CNO), a synthetic small molecule actuator for muscarinic acetylcholine DREADDs. MethodsX. 2018 Mar 23;5:257-267./[6]Joseph Cichon, et al. Branch-specific dendritic Ca(2+) spikes cause persistent synaptic plasticity. Nature. 2015 Apr 9;520(7546):180-5.
CAS Number: 34233-69-7
Molecular Weight: 342.82
Compound Purity: 99.98
Research Area: Neurological Disease
Solubility: DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)/H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (ultrasonic)
Target: Dopamine Receptor;Drug Metabolite;mAChR
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