Shelf life (days): 1460.0
Formulation: A solid
Formal Name: tetradecanoic acid, (1aR,1bS,4aR,7aS,7bS,8R,9R,9aS)-9a-(acetyloxy)-1a,1b,4,4a,5,7a,7b,8,9,9a-decahydro-4a,7b-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,6,8-tetramethyl-5-oxo-1H-cyclopropa[3,4]benz[1,2-e]azulen-9-yl ester
Purity: ≥95%
Formula Markup: C36H56O8
Formula Weight: 616.8
CAS Number: 16561-29-8
Notes: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), also known as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), is a phorbol ester and PKC activator.{57446,57447,57448,57449,57450} It activates the PKC isoforms PKCα, -β, -γ, -δ, -ε, -η, and -θ but not PKCζ or -ι/λ.{57447} PMA (1-10 ng/ml) induces NF-κB-dependent gene expression in a reporter assay.{57448} It promotes the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into pro-inflammatory macrophages, as well as induces the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), in vitro.{57449,57450} PMA, in combination with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA; Item No. 30383), promotes papilloma formation in a rat two-stage model of skin carcinogenesis.{58177}
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