Shelf life (days): 1460.0
Formulation: A crystalline solid
Formal Name: 5-amino-1-ß-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide
Purity: ≥98%
Formula Markup: C9H14N4O5
Formula Weight: 258.2
CAS Number: 2627-69-2
Notes: AICAR is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).{15379} It increases AMPK kinase activity in isolated hepatocytes (EC50 = ~500 μM) and reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity and fatty acid and sterol synthesis in these cells. AICAR (0.5 mM) inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake to 62% of control cells and reduces GLUT4 translocation by 2.5-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.{15378} In astrocyte-enriched glial cells, AICAR (1 mM) prevents increases in protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), COX-2, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) induced by LPS and amyloid-β (Aβ) (25-35) and expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by LPS and Aβ42.{15380} AICAR inhibits autophagy in rat hepatocytes (IC50 = 0.3 mM) and induces apoptosis in rat β cells in a concentration-dependent manner.{47609,47610}
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