The iLite® ADCC Target HER2 (-) Assay Ready Cells can be used together with iLite® ADCC Effector (V) and iLite® ADCC Target HER2 (+) Assay Ready Cells for the quantification ADCC activity. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a mechanism whereby pathogenic cells are lysed by lymphocytes, most often Natural Killer (NK) cells. The mechanism involves binding of antibodies to surface antigens on the pathogen. Crosslinking of these antibodies to NK cells through the binding of the Fc-portion to Fc receptors on the NK cells leads to activation of the NK cell and formation of an immune synapse with the pathogenic cell. The NK cell releases cytotoxic granules containing granzymes and perforin into the synapse, leading to apoptosis of the targeted cell. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and the second most common cancer overall. Survival rates have improved in the recent years, and stratification of patients into subgroups has vastly improved treatment options for many patients. As an example, patients with HER2 positive breast cancer generally have a poor prognosis, but treatment with trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the HER2 receptor, has shown to increase both overall survival and disease free survival when given together with chemotherapy. Trastuzumab’s mechanism of action is mediated in part by inducing ADCC when crosslinking HER2 positive cells with the patients immune cells. The drug was FDA approved for treatment of breast cancer patients in 1998, and many biosimilars are currently in development.
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