Background: The IDH1 gene is located at 2q33 and encodes isocitrate dehydrogenase 1. Heterozygous point mutations at codon 132 of IDH1 frequently occur in WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ gliomas. IDH1 gene mutation is somatic cell specific and only occurs in some subtypes of gliomas, which can be used as a basis for glioma subtyping. Heterozygous IDH1 mutation at position 132 occurs in more than 80% of low-grade gliomas, including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, oligodendroastrocytoma and secondary glioblastomas. Further studies have shown that the prognosis of IDH1 mutation is significantly better than that of wild type. Therefore, the identification of IDH1 gene mutation is an important reference index for pathological diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.