Conjugate: ATTO 390
Product Type: Polyclonal
Immunogen: Native bovine Ubiquitin, conjugated to KLH
Swiss-Prot: P0CG53
Purification: Peptide Affinity Purified
Storage Buffer: 640.91mM DMSO, 136.36 mM Ethanolamine, 126.89 mM chlorides, 9.09mM phosphates, 9.09mM NaHCO3
Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Specificity: Detects ~10kDa. It also recognizes ubiquinated proteins.
Cellular Localization: Cell Membrane / Cytoplasm / Nucleus
Scientific Background: Ubiquitin is a highly conserved, small regulatory protein that plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular protein homeostasis through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy pathways. By tagging damaged, misfolded, or excess proteins for degradation, ubiquitin ensures proper protein turnover and prevents toxic protein accumulation—an essential function in long-lived, post-mitotic neurons. In the context of neuroscience, ubiquitin is critically involved in synaptic plasticity, axonal transport, and neuronal survival. Dysregulation of ubiquitin signaling has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These disorders are often characterized by the accumulation of ubiquitin-positive protein aggregates, indicating a breakdown in proteostasis mechanisms. Multiple genes encode ubiquitin precursors, including UBB, UBC, UBA52, and RPS27A, each contributing to the dynamic regulation of ubiquitin pools in neurons. Mutations or altered expression in these genes, or in components of the UPS, can disrupt neuronal function and accelerate neurodegeneration. As a master regulator of protein quality control, ubiquitin is a key molecular target in neurodegenerative disease research. Understanding its signaling networks offers promising avenues for therapeutic intervention aimed at restoring proteostasis and halting disease progression.
References: 1. Wilkinson K.D. (1995) Annu. Rev. Nutr. 15:161-189. 2. Smalle J., Vierstra R.D. (2004) Anu Rev Plant Biol. 55: 555-590. 3. Bonifacino J.S., et al. (1998) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 14: 19-57. 4. Boston Biochem: "Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway Overview” http://www.bostonbiochem.com/upp.php 5. Yang M., et al. (1998) J Exp Med. 187: 1835-1846. 6. Chen Z.J., et al. (1996) Cell 84: 853-862.
Field of Use: Not for use in humans. Not for use in diagnostics or therapeutics. For in vitro research use only.
Target: Ubiquitin
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